Common Eye Diseases Every Adult Should Know: Glaucoma, Cataracts & More

As we get older, our eyes can sometimes develop different health issues. Knowing about these common eye diseases can help you catch symptoms early on.

Common Eye Diseases Every Adult Should Know

Here are ten eye conditions every adult should be aware of:

• Glaucoma: The Quiet Threat

Glaucoma causes damage to the optic nerve. This damage is the result of an increase in the pressure inside the eye. It can progress without any noticeable symptoms, which is why regular eye exams are so helpful. If it is not treated, glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss.
 

• Cataracts: A Cloudy Window

Cataracts are a gradual clouding of the eye’s natural lens. This leads to blurred vision, glare, and difficulty seeing well at night. While cataracts are quite common in older adults, surgery can remove the clouded lens and bring back good vision.
 

• Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): Losing Your Center View

AMD affects the macula, which is the very center part of the retina. It causes blurred or distorted central vision. The two types of AMD, dry and wet, can progress at different speeds.
 

• Diabetic Retinopathy: Eye Damage From Diabetes

High blood sugar levels cause diabetic retinopathy, which damages the blood vessels in the retina. Finding it early through regular eye exams can help doctors manage the condition and save your sight.
 

• Dry Eye Syndrome: Not Enough Tears

Dry eye syndrome happens when your eyes don’t make enough tears. It can also happen when the tears evaporate too quickly. This condition can cause irritation, a burning feeling, and even blurry vision. Treatment usually includes artificial tears, some lifestyle changes, and sometimes medication.
 

• Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): A Red, Itchy Eye

Conjunctivitis, known as pink eye, is a swelling or infection of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is a delicate membrane that lines the white part of the eye.
 

• Retinal Detachment: A Medical Emergency

When the retina pulls away from the back of the eye, you have retinal detachment. It can cause sudden vision loss and is a medical emergency. You might see sudden flashes of light or a curtain-like shadow over your field of vision. You need immediate treatment to help prevent permanent vision loss.
 

• Astigmatism: A Different Shape

This refractive error results from a cornea or lens that has an irregular shape. This leads to vision that looks blurry or distorted at all distances. Glasses or contact lenses can fix astigmatism. Surgery is the only option in some cases.
 

• Uveitis: The Middle Layer Swelling

Uveitis is a swelling of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye. It can cause pain, redness, and blurry vision. Infections, autoimmune diseases, or an injury cause this condition. Treatment usually involves anti-inflammatory medications.

How to Protect Your Eyes and Help Prevent Eye Diseases

Protecting your eye health can help prevent many common eye diseases. Here are a few key tips for you:

• Regular Eye Exams

Eye exams are a great way to catch problems early. They can find issues even before you start to notice symptoms. Adults over the age of 40 should get an eye exam every two years. This helps your doctor monitor your eye health.
 

• A Healthy Diet

A healthy diet with lots of vitamins is a great idea. Vitamins A, C, and E, as well as omega-3s, support eye health. Leafy greens, fish, and colorful fruits are wonderful choices.
 

• UV Protection

You should always protect your eyes from the sun’s powerful UV rays. Wear sunglasses that block UV rays whenever you are outside. This is a very simple and effective step you can take.
 

• Do Not Smoke

If you smoke, quitting will improve your overall health, including the health of your eyes.
 

Understanding the common eye diseases that can affect adults is a great first step. You can help to maintain good vision throughout your life. If you notice any changes in your vision, do not wait. You should contact an eye care professional for an evaluation.
 

For more information on common eye diseases that every adult should know about, visit Linden Family Eye Care at our Linden, Michigan, office. Call (810) 735-9988 to book an appointment today.

https://www.cdc.gov/vision-health/about-eye-disorders/index.html

https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases